Stuck In Your Tent? How To Have Fun Anyways ©

 

Stuck in your tent?  Photograph by the author.

Tent-bound or “locked-down” because of COVID-19, being stuck in the same, small place is no fun and sometimes life is challenging.  Maybe these thoughts will help – Author’s Note.

Have you ever been out in the wilderness and the weather is awful?  Maybe it was rainy, and you had to stay over in the same campsite, tent-bound, due to the bad weather.  Maybe you had no choice and you had to travel in the bad weather all day long and now you are sitting in your tent, drying out, instead of around a nice fire, relaxing.  What if the weather is okay, but the trip is difficult; the portages are long and hard, the packs are heavy, the kids are inexperienced and uncertain if they can handle it.  Days like these are always challenging, but if you have kids with you, they are especially challenging, particularly if they are young.

So, what do you do to make things fun?  Here are some things that have worked for my wife and I over the years to turn bad weather or challenging times into fun.

 

M&M'S® and hard candies are always fun, photograph by the author.

M&M'S® make everything better, right?  So, do hard candies.  They are both reasonably light and travel well.  In fact, M&M'S® were designed to travel well¹, and as the Mars candy company says, "The milk chocolate melts in your mouth, not in your hand" and also as I say, not in your pack.  What has worked well for us in the past is to dish out candy on days when the weather is particularly bad and we are tent-bound or miserable from the bad weather, when the portages are long or trail conditions are poor, or when it has just been a particularly hard day.  This works even better if the candy is a surprise. 

Another thing I do with single serve packs² of M&M'S® is to give out a pack to each of the two top collectors of the daily trail improvement game: the winners of this game are the two people who collect the most micro and macro-trash on the portages we cross and the campsites we visit during the day!  This makes portaging a lot more fun and gives everyone something to look forward to and strive for, since we announce the winners at dinner time.

 

The author’s homemade, portable gameboard.  I can play a two to four-person game called “Shut the Box” or a two-person game called “Pirates and Bulgars”, photograph by the author.

Games are always fun and are a good way of winding down the day or overcoming boredom, and kids, and adults, love games!  The two games in my homemade travel set are good ones because you can play with up to four people, depending on the game that you choose and the game can last as long as, in my experience anyways, from 30 minutes to an hour.  For those who are worried about weight, and who doesn’t, when you must carry all your stuff on your back, my travelling game box only weighs 6 ounces or 170 grams.

 

Sea to Sky Photography sells Discover Wilderness Survival playing cards with 52 survival strategies and techniques printed on them, photograph by the author.

Playing cards are always a good thing to bring on an adventure, particularly ones that teach about survival!  When I was a Boy Scout we used to play Blackjack, or as it called sometimes Twenty-One, when we were on trips: we used Ohio Blue Tip strike-anywhere matches as chips!  You can also play Solitaire, if you are by yourself.  And a deck of cards is very light, weighing only 3 ounces or 85 grams.

 

Books that I have taken on wilderness adventures, photograph by the author.

Reading is another great way to pass the time, both for older and younger people.  I love to read and just like the turn-of-the-last-century wilderness expert Horace Kephart, I usually take a book along to read, provided that my pack is not already overweight.  And speaking of weight, depending on the book that you decide to bring along, books can be surprisingly light.  The two paperbacks pictured above each weigh only 6 ounces or 170 grams and the smaller book weighs only 2 ounces, or 57 grams². 

 

A spiral bound all weather notepad, that a friend got me for Christmas, and paper for writing with, photograph by the author.

My wife writes poetry and she likes to write down her thoughts, so, she always takes ten sheets of paper and a pen to write with when we go out exploring.  Obviously, I like to write as well and I like to make notes of things I see, draw pictures of things that interest me and when a good thought for a future article pops into my head, write it down.  So, I always bring a notepad with me, or, if I am concerned about weight, I bring just three or four sheets of plain paper, which I fold in thirds and then again in half, when I am out in the woods.  My notepad, pictured above, weighs 3 ounces or 85 grams, and the three sheets of copy paper weigh less than an ounce, which is less than 28 grams.

I hope that these suggestions help you, and the kids that are sharing your adventure, to have fun the next time you are tent-bound and stuck in the same, small place due the weather or because of challenging times.

I hope that you continue to enjoy The Woodsman’s Journal Online and look for me on YouTube at Bandanaman Productions for other related videos, HERE.  Don’t forget to follow me on both The Woodsman’s Journal Online, HERE, and subscribe to BandanaMan Productions on YouTube.  If you have questions, as always, feel free to leave a comment on either site.  I announce new articles on Facebook at Eric Reynolds, on Instagram at bandanamanaproductions, and on VK at Eric Reynolds, so watch for me.

That is all for now, and as always, until next time, Happy Trails!

Notes

¹ The idea for M&M'S® came to Forest Mars, Sr., when in the late 1930s, he saw British volunteers, fighting in the Spanish Civil War, eating a hard-candy-coated chocolate drop called Smarties.  Shortly after production began, World War II started and M&M'S®, which at that time were packaged in cardboard tubes, were adopted by the United States Military, who included them in soldiers C-ration packs, because of their ability to withstand high temperatures, such as was found in the Pacific Theater.

From Mary Bellis’, “Forest Mars and the History of M & Ms Candies: A Legacy of the Spanish Civil War” and from Nat Bodian’s, "Looking Back at Newark Origins of World-Famous M&M Chocolates".

³ Oh, and just a thought, M&M'S® Single Size Bags, the 1.14 Ounce (32 gram) size, might be a better choice that a larger bag of loose M&M'S®, that way you won’t have people reaching into the bag with dirty hands, either that or you have to pour the M&M'S® into their cupped hands.

³ Book weight can be tricky since it depends on the size of the book, how many pages and whether it is a hard-cover or not.  Apparently the average hard-cover weighs between 1 pound to 2 pounds (454-907 grams) and paperbacks, because they come in a different sizes, weigh on average between 9 ounces and 21 ounces (255-595 grams).

From Jill Clardy’s “What Is the Average Weight of a Book?” and from the “Average Postage Weights for Shipping” blog.

Sources

“Average Postage Weights for Shipping”, http://avgpostageweights.blogspot.com/2010/10/average-weight-of-paperback-book.html, accessed April 4, 2020

Bellis, Mary; “Forest Mars and the History of M & Ms Candies: A Legacy of the Spanish Civil War”, January 28, 2019, https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-m-and-ms-chocolate-1992159, accessed April 3, 2020

Bodian, Nat; "Looking Back at Newark Origins of World-Famous M&M Chocolates", Old Newark Memories, (April 12, 1981), Archived from the original on October 19, 2007, https://web.archive.org/web/20110716153908/http://www.virtualnewarknj.com/memories/newark/bodianmm.htm, accessed April 2, 2020

Clardy, Jill; “What Is the Average Weight of a Book?”, https://www.reference.com/world-view/average-weight-book-cf771731e743d031, accessed April 4, 2020

COVID-19, And A Simple, Homemade Respiratory Mask ©

When it Comes to Survival, Get Some Rest! ©

 

Photograph by the author.

I started writing this article more than a month ago, at that time COVID-19 was only in Wuhan, China.  Now, obviously it’s everywhere.  And while the main thrust of this article is about what to do if you are “misplaced” in the wilderness, today many, many people are anxious and suffering from sleepless nights, because of the corona virus.  Getting plenty of rest, so you can control your fears and anxieties is important in any crisis, whether you are turned around in the woods or dealing with a virus – Author’s note.

Count Rugen to Prince Humperdinck, in the Princess Bride, 1987¹

“Princess Bride!”, you say, “That’s a romantic fantasy from the 80s!  What does that have that have to do with survival and woodlore?”  Yes, this is a quote from a romantic fantasy movie, but the advice to “get some rest” is actually very good survival advice.  “But, it’s okay to miss some sleep,” you think, “it’s no big deal, I can sleep after I’m rescued, right?”  Wrong!  Read on to find out why...

 

An excerpt from, Major Stephen J. Townsend’s The Factors Of Soldier's Load, page 56.  This quote was originally found in Brigadier General, S. L. A. Marshall’s, The Soldier’s Load and the Mobility of a Nation.

Fatigue and fear, fear and fatigue, a deadly spiral.  Being tired or fatigued makes it difficult to control your fears and being afraid can cause you to become more tired or fatigued (for more on fear and survival read “What Are You Scared Of?! ©”, HERE).  But just why are your tired and fatigued?  Perhaps, it is muscular fatigue caused by overexertion or over-exercise, the inevitable consequence of performing important and necessary physical survival tasks, such as lifting, carrying, walking, etc.  Perhaps you are mentally fatigued, because of your psychological reaction to the “Seven Enemies of Survival”: cold, thirst, hunger, boredom, loneliness, pain and fatigue.  Don’t forget that being fatigued, mentally or physically, will make you increasingly more tired and fatigued, over time, as you struggle with this and the other enemies of survival.  The only way to recover from fatigue is to rest.  But what if you haven’t been sleeping? 

The Rule of Threes, graphic by the author.

Just as, on average, you can’t live longer than three days without water; you can’t live more than three days without sleep.  “But” you say, “that 17-year-old kid, Randy Gardner went without sleeping for 264 hours, almost 11 days, back in 1965!”  Your right he did, at a school science fair, all-in-all a pretty tame place.  By the end of his record setting ordeal, Randy Gardner, although awake, was cognitively dysfunctional².  Would he have been able to stay awake for 264 hours in the middle of the wilderness, without hallucinating, falling, accidentally getting wet and hypothermic, hurting himself, etc., I don’t think so, and here is why. 

An excerpt from “Sleep Deprivation Is The Same As Being Drunk, Study Says”, by Kristina Rodulfo

According to current studies, going without sleep affects the body in the same way as drinking alcohol does.  Even moderate sleep deprivation impairs your alertness, your memory and your motor performance and precision.  In fact, after only 17 to 19 hours without sleep, you will perform as if your blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was 0.08%, which is considered impaired by US law.  For the average sized American woman, this would mean drinking three standard drinks in an hour, and for the average sized American man, it would take drinking four standard drinks in an hour, to reach a BAC of 0.08%³.

  

An excerpt from On Combat, by Lt. Col. Dave Grossman and Loren W. Christensen, page 24, showing the effects of not sleeping on performance.

The US Army performed a study, shown above, which underscored how going without sleep will affect you the same way as drinking alcohol does.  This study documented a drastic drop off in performance and efficiency as the amount of sleep declined.  In this study Groups Two, Three and Four were kept awake between 18 and 20 hours each day for 20 days.  During this experiment their performance dropped to only 15%, for Group Four, and to 50%, for Group Two, of their peak task efficiency: in effect they performed the same as if they had been drinking and had a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08%!

Now, many people go without sleeping for 24 hours, it isn’t that uncommon.  However, not sleeping for more than 24 hours will affect you the same way as if your blood alcohol concentration is at 0.10%, the equivalent of four standard alcoholic drinks.  And the effects of not sleeping get progressively worse after 24 hours.  In fact, as Healthline.com notes, the effects of going without sleep for more than 24 hours include, drowsiness, irritability, impaired decision-making and judgement, impaired hearing and vision, decreased hand-eye coordination, increased muscle tension and tremors.  In addition, you might begin to experience altered perceptions or hallucinations and memory deficits.  All these combined, increase your risk of having an accident, and in the wilderness, just as on the highway, an accident can be fatal.  The only good news is these symptoms will all go away once you have had some sleep.

After just 36 hours without sleep, only a day and a half, according to Healthline.com, you can expect to suffer from hormonal imbalances, which can alter your appetite, metabolism, temperature, mood and ability to deal with stress.  Additionally, you will be prone to making risky decisions, have inflexible reasoning, a decreased ability to pay attention, a lack of motivation and a difficult time speaking and choosing words.

After 48 hours, or two days, without sleeping you will begin to experience “microsleeps”, which are involuntary naps where your brain will shut down, lapsing into a trance like state that might last from 15 to 30 seconds. 

And finally, after 72 hours, or three days, without sleep, Healthline.com reports that on top of all the previous symptoms you will have an increased difficulty thinking, multitasking and remembering.  You might also experience hallucinations, where you see things that aren’t there.

In a wilderness survival situation, would you drink until you were drunk?  No, of course not!  But if you don’t sleep, that is exactly what you are doing.  And hallucinating and seeing things that aren’t there can seriously impact your chances of surviving a wilderness emergency, so...

An excerpt from the 1969 edition of Survival Training Edition, AF Manual 64-3, page 1-13⁴.

  

So, work smarter not harder and when you can rest, REST!  If all your immediate survival needs are met, take a nap, sleep!  Sleeping will lower your metabolism, helping you to conserve vital and scarce energy, it will decrease you level of fatigue, helping you to think more clearly and control fear, and it will increase your task efficiency when you are performing critical survival chores. 

An excerpt from the 1969 edition of Survival Training Edition, AF Manual 64-3, page 1-13.

Remember “...fatigue is an enemy of survival.  Try to set up a program of rest.” a quote and an excerpt from the 1969 edition of Survival Training Edition, AF Manual 64-3, page 1-14.

   

So, if you become tired, either when you have become physically or mentally fatigued, rest, take a nap!  Remember Count Rugen’s advice “Get some rest.  If you haven’t got your health, then you haven’t got anything.”

I hope that you continue to enjoy The Woodsman’s Journal Online and look for me on YouTube at Bandanaman Productions for other related videos, HERE.  Don’t forget to follow me on both The Woodsman’s Journal Online, HERE, and subscribe to BandanaMan Productions on YouTube.  If you have questions, as always, feel free to leave a comment on either site.  I announce new articles on Facebook at Eric Reynolds, on Instagram at bandanamanaproductions, and on VK at Eric Reynolds, so watch for me.

That is all for now, and as always, until next time, Happy Trails!

Notes

¹ From the movie, Princess Bride, 1987, 20^th Century Fox.  I am aware that if you can quote most of the movie from memory that you are kinda a geek, however in my defense and as someone who has studied fencing, sword fighting and stick-fighting for more than 30 years; the sword fighting is exceptional and the sword masters that they talk about while fighting at the top of the Cliffs of Insanity were real swordsmen, whose writings I have studied.

² J. Christian Gillin, “How Long Can Humans Stay Awake?”

³ In the United States, the term “standard drink” refers to a drink which contains enough alcohol to raise an average person’s BAC by between 0.02% and 0.025%.  One standard drink is considered to be one 12 fluid ounce (355 ml) of 5% alcohol by volume (ABV) beer, or one 5 fluid ounce (148 ml) of 12% ABV wine, or one 1.5 fluid ounce (44 ml) of 40% ABV (80 proof) shot of hard liquor.  So, two standard drinks will raise your blood alcohol concentration to about 0.05%, three standard drinks will raise your BAC to about 0.08%, and four standard drinks will equal 0.10% BAC, without taking size differences into consideration.  The general rule of thumb is, for an average sized American woman it takes drinking three standard drinks in an hour, and for an average sized American man it takes drinking four standard drinks in an hour to reach a BAC of 0.08%. 

Editorial Staff, “How Many Drinks Does it Take to Reach a .08 BAC?”

Patrick T. Barone, “How Many Drinks Does it Take to Get to a .05 Legal Limit?”,

⁴ A good PDF copy of the 1969, Survival Training Edition, AF Manual 64-3, is available at https://books.googleusercontent.com/books/content?req=AKW5QafWD_tnrQah_123Vdzf3cUpFscGc1tFZ-mbT-8cLuvT6d1JOFoeQlpZjQbXWlXEO-JRFjM2zPz-X6Onjky9dyQvtAsro4vU1ZyTDJZU2lPkGAIbXdRTWZjN_ADI4wxK69JTKD-WtXPfLP_9sXVUEJgUJUgaNEHZBDz_cCT8MAu1Gh2rvykD-jv0vtmQtE1Lk6RTR3yH4u_3X1lFrKXyAqoFohpKGI1xiMRoW0iOYD3g5JH6DHIjKdb6uFLL07Ijf42tXamK

Sources

Barone, Patrick T.; “How Many Drinks Does it Take to Get to a .05 Legal Limit?”, May 8, 2018 [BaroneDefenseFirm.com, 2020], https://baronedefensefirm.com/blog/how-many-drinks-does-it-take-to-get-to-a-05-legal-limit/, accessed February 29, 2020

Department of the Air Force, Survival Training Edition, AF Manual 64-3, [US Government Printing Office, Washington DC August 15, 1969] p 1.13 - 1.15

Editorial Staff, “How Many Drinks Does it Take to Reach a .08 BAC?”, June 13, 2014, [Ignition Interlock Help, 2018] https://www.ignitioninterlockhelp.com/blog/many-drinks-take-reach-08-bac/, February 29, 2020

Gillin, J. Christian; “How Long Can Humans Stay Awake?”, March 25, 2002, [Scientific American, A Division Of Springer Nature America, Inc., 2020], https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-long-can-humans-stay/, accessed March 26, 2020

Grossman, Dave, Lt. Col., and Christensen, Loren W., On Combat, 4^th Edition, [KRG, LLC, 2008], p. 24

Rodulfo, Kristina; “Sleep Deprivation Is The Same As Being Drunk, Study Says”, Elle Magazine, April 5, 2016, [Hearst Magazine Media, Inc., 2020], https://www.elle.com/beauty/health-fitness/news/a35349/lack-of-sleep-same-as-being-drunk-uk-sleep-study/, accessed March 24, 2020

Townsend, Stephen J., Major; The Factors Of Soldier's Load, [Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, 1994], p. 56, http://www.themilsimperspective.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/a284389-THE-FACTORS-OF-SOLDIERS-LOAD.pdf, accessed 02/02/2020

Vandergriendt, Carly; “How Long Can You Go Without Sleep?”, March 16, 2018 https://www.healthline.com/health/healthy-sleep/how-long-can-you-go-without-sleep#what-happens-after-24-hours, accessed March 26, 2020

So, What’s in Your Possible Kit!? ©

 

The author’s possible kit, photograph by the author.

This is the fourth installment of the Oelslager Files, articles inspired by the works of the late Dr. Robert William “Doc” Oelslager.  Also, since everyone around the world is dealing with COVID-19, I thought something lighter and non-virus would be a good thing. – Author’s note

So, what’s in your “possible kit”!? 

Have you even ever heard of a possible kit?  It’s possible you might be asking yourself right now, “what’s a possible kit?”  And maybe you are thinking, “isn’t that just another name for a survival kit?”

In my mind a possible kit isn’t a survival kit, it is more like a toolbox, or maybe, depending on your level of organization, a junk-drawer, full of a little bit of everything.

Personally, whenever I head out into the wilderness, I always bring my possible kit, my personal first aid kit and my survival kit.  I always have both my personal first aid kit and my survival kit on me, and I keep my possible kit in my pack.  A possible kit should complement your survival kit and it should be available for everyday use, while a survival kit is for emergencies only¹.  Think of it as a kit for “it’s possible it might happen” or “it’s possible I might need it”

“So, What’s In Your Possible Kit!?”

My possible kit only weighs 8 ounces (227 grams) and here is what I keep in it.

 

The author’s possible kit, enumerated, photograph by the author.

1)     A zippered pouch to hold all the “possibles”.

2)     A LED flashlight, a spare in addition to the one in my survival kit and first aid kit.

3)     3 spare AAA batteries for my headlamp and the flashlights in my first aid kit, survival kit and possible kit.

4)     A Swiss+Tech®, multi-tool, with needle nose pliers, a saw, a Philips head screwdriver, can opener and knife.

5)     A flat head and a Philips head screwdriver for repairing eyeglasses.

6)     An eye glass repair kit: screws, spacers, nose pads and a cleaning cloth

7)     16 feet (almost 5 meters) of 15-pound test, braided nylon line, for use as heavy sewing thread.

8)     2 feet (.6 meters) of 22 gauge (.73 mm) galvanized steel wire.  I have used wire like this in the past to reattach the sole of a water shoe to its upper.  Wire can be used for repairing just about anything.

9)     2 large eyed, heavy duty sewing needles: the smaller one is a # 17 carpet needle that is 2 inches (52 mm) long and the other one is a #14 darning needle that is 3 inches long (78 mm).  Both are stuck into a piece of heavy-duty nylon patch cloth.  The large elongated eyes on the needles make threading them, much simpler.

10)   4 large safety pins stuck into another piece of heavy-duty nylon patch cloth.

11)   A pencil.

12)   A pencil sharpener.  This is also very useful for making fine tinder to help you get your fire started.

13)   A file to sharpen my axe with, an axe without something to sharpen it, is just an oddly shaped hammer

14)   A whetstone to sharpen my knives.

15)   A 5 foot (1.5 meter) long tape measure.  I have used this to measure and diagram an old logging blaze on a stump on the shore of Lake Louisa, Algonquin Provincial Park (for pictures of the stump and my drawing, see “The Madawaska River Loop: Whitefish, to Pen, to Harry and Louisa…And Back Again! Part One ©”, HERE)

16)   A thermometer, emergency whistle, magnifying-glass, pocket compass, all in one all-purpose tool.

17)   5 mini-zip ties.  When I reattached the sole of the water shoe to its upper, I also used some small zip ties to complete the repair.

18)   3 heavy-duty rubber bands.  These originally came wrapped around celery stalks from the grocery store, they have literally 1,001 uses.

 

An excerpt from the 1969 edition of Survival Training Edition, AF Manual 64-3, page 1-4.  Notice how many of the items in this list are in my possible kit, which is why I say that possible kits can and should complement your survival kit2.

Now the nice thing about possible kits, is that you can put anything into them, whatever you think you might need at some point in your travels. 

 

An excerpt from Scouting magazine, March/April 1982, page Scout 3 Jul 82, also reproduced in R.W. Oelslager’s The Winter Experience, figure 639, page 325

The possible kit shown in Scouting Magazine, March/April 1982, which was also reproduced in R.W. Oelslager’s The Winter Experience, included aspirins and band-aids, which are things that I keep in my personal first aid kit.  Since, I always keep my personal first aid kit in my pocket when I am in the wilderness, I don’t include first aid supplies in my possible kit.  Additionally, this kit included matches, a razor blade, fishhooks and tape, which are things that I keep in my survival kit.  It also included a dime, which for all of you who were born into the age of cell phones, was needed to make an emergency phone call home from a pay phone.

 

An excerpt from a Ziploc® advertisement, found in Field & Stream, May 1988, page 124

And you don’t have to be to fancy with the pouch for the possible kit either, many people simply keep their possible kit in a Ziploc® bag. 

So, what’s in your possible kit!?

I hope that you continue to enjoy The Woodsman’s Journal Online and look for me on YouTube at Bandanaman Productions for other related videos, HERE.  Don’t forget to follow me on both The Woodsman’s Journal Online, HERE, and subscribe to BandanaMan Productions on YouTube.  If you have questions, as always, feel free to leave a comment on either site.  I announce new articles on Facebook at Eric Reynolds, on Instagram at bandanamanaproductions, and on VK at Eric Reynolds, so watch for me.

That is all for now, and as always, until next time, Happy Trails!

Notes

¹ In case of emergency, there is a good chance that I will end up separated from my luggage and my possible kit.  And even though there might be some duplicated items between my possible kit and my survival kit, as long as I can carry the extra weight, I’m OK with the overlap.

² A good PDF copy of the 1969, Survival Training Edition, AF Manual 64-3, is available at https://books.googleusercontent.com/books/content?req=AKW5QafWD_tnrQah_123Vdzf3cUpFscGc1tFZ-mbT-8cLuvT6d1JOFoeQlpZjQbXWlXEO-JRFjM2zPz-X6Onjky9dyQvtAsro4vU1ZyTDJZU2lPkGAIbXdRTWZjN_ADI4wxK69JTKD-WtXPfLP_9sXVUEJgUJUgaNEHZBDz_cCT8MAu1Gh2rvykD-jv0vtmQtE1Lk6RTR3yH4u_3X1lFrKXyAqoFohpKGI1xiMRoW0iOYD3g5JH6DHIjKdb6uFLL07Ijf42tXamK

Sources

Department Of The Air Force, Survival Training Edition, AF Manual 64-3, [Air Training Command, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., August 15, 1969], p. 1-4

“Possible Kit”, Scouting Magazine, Vol. 70, No. 2, March/April 1982 [Boy Scouts of America, Irving, Texas], p. Scout 3 Jul 82, https://books.google.com/books?id=XSsbxPzAVfUC&pg=RA5-PT21&lpg=RA5-PT21&dq=scouting+%22we+ought+to+take+a+minute%22&source=bl&ots=vxOmVqq7Ak&sig=ACfU3U02ibVcmaTtuT10LmaPJSeYRwcNWA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi-s8PJxY3oAhUOTN8KHVNNDQcQ6AEwAHoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=scouting%20%22we%20ought%20to%20take%20a%20minute%22&f=false, Accessed March 9, 2020

Ziploc® advertisement, Field & Stream, May 1988, Vol. XCIII, No. 1, [Times Mirror Magazines, New York, NY] p. 124

https://books.google.com/books?id=rX5eHMAsXywC&pg=PA120&lpg=PA120&dq=%22Field+%26+Stream%22+%22when+trout+that+are+surface-feeding%22&source=bl&ots=eBd84pjFcL&sig=ACfU3U0e6KRSK2iAO_uSCjKQIHALxzU6mw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi-6uGdyo3oAhVKh-AKHSsNDtAQ6AEwAHoECAIQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Field%20%26%20Stream%22%20%22when%20trout%20that%20are%20surface-feeding%22&f=false, accessed March 9, 2020